Convergence of Industrial Activity - the idea to produce, distribute and share
Synergy - how companies pool their resources and exploit products in different markets, can benefit both media texts
Conglomerate - an international company with a wide and varied range of commercial interests
Globalisation - the growing tendency of inductrial and commercial companies to merge and operate on an international rather than a national or regional basis.
Analogue Music - a method of recording music, manual.
Digitisation - a digital revolution which involves the application of digital technology. Based on storage and retrieval of numerical information
Vertical Integration - the merger or takeover of companies operating at different stages of the production/distribution process. The media company profits from all aspects of production, distribution and consumption.
Horizontal Integration - the merger of competing companies from the same line of business and involved at the same level of activity.
Major Record Label - There are the 'big three' - Sony/BMG, Warner Bros. and Universal. Control most of the market.
Subsidiary Label - A company controlled by a holding or parent company
Independent Label - a record label operating without the funding of or outside the organizations of the major record labels.
Niche Audience - the targeting of a small but significant group of consumers with a media product directed specifically at their interests.
Mainstream Audience - mainstream music tend to be family orientated. Chart music can be classed as mainstream
Fans - someone who has a strong interest in an artist or band
Active Audience - an audience that uses the media instead of reacting to it, they seek the information rather than waiting to recieve it
Audiophiles - someone with extreme interest in high quality sounds
Early Adopters - people who start using a product or technology as soon as it becomes available
Consumption - people buying CDs, downloading music, paying for live concert tickets and purchasing related products.
Web 2.0 - the second phase of the internet, where the focus shifts from people recieving information and services to people creating and sharing material
Meta-tags/personalisation - HTML coding embedded in the site in order to provide search engine spiders with keyword information.
Download - Copying data from one computer system to another or to a disk as opposed to uploading
Streaming - A method of relaying data over a computer network as a steady continuous stream, allowing playback to proceed while subsequent data is being received
Peer to Peer - the sharing of media material between two parties in an equal relationship.
Piracy - The unauthorized use or reproduction of another's work
Portability/miniaturisation - the smaller it is the more portable it is.
Multi-track - A recording device capable of recording several parallel parts or tracks which may then be mixed or re-recorded independently
Sampling - The technique of digitally encoding music or sound and reusing it as part of a composition or recording
Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) - A computer, sound card, and editing software that allows you to record, edit and mix audio programs entirely in digital form.
A&R - Artists and Repertoire - Artists and repertoire (A&R) is the division of a record label that is responsible for talent scouting and overseeing the artistic development of recording artists. It also acts as a liaison between artists and the record label.
Record Deal - contract - royalties - a recording contract is a legal agreement between a record label and a recording artist, where the artist makes a record for the label to sell and promote, royalties are a sum of money paid to a patentee for the use of a patent composer for each copy of a single sold.
Distribution - promoting music and getting it into shops, on the radio and downloaded for payment
Plugging/marketing - Mention a product publicly in order to promote it. It is a process designed to ensure the commercial and financial success of a product, involves strategies
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